Effect of Extraction Methods on Essential Oil Composition: A Case Study of Irish Bog Myrtle-Myrica gale L.

Myrica gale is an aromatic peatland shrub that has reported traditional use as insect repellent. Different extraction methodologies were used in this study to isolate the essential oil of L., including Clevenger hydrodistillation (CH) and microwave-assisted (MAH). The oils, isolated from different plant parts (leaves, fruit branches) collected summer autumn, analysed by GC-MS volatiles tissue directly headspace-GC-MS. A total 58 components identified, 15 monoterpene hydrocarbons (22.78–98.98%), 14 oxygenated monoterpenes (0.91–43.02%), 13 sesquiterpene (0.05–24.98%), 3 sesquiterpenes (0.07–13.16%) other compounds (0.05–5.21%). Headspace sampling furnished monoterpenes, while CH MAH extracted sesquiterpenes, with α-pinene (6.04–70.45%), eucalyptol (0.61–33.80%), limonene (2.27–20.73%) α-phellandrene (2.33–15.61%) major all parts. Quantitative differences occurred between methodologies, yielding higher quantities targeting counterparts. Leaves gave more complex chemical fingerprints than branches fruit, collection yielded autumn collections. An OPLS-DA model was applied data compare profiles based on techniques parts, molecular networks obtained for connected via biosynthetic pathways. profile influenced season collection, part method.